© 2023. Houston Methodist, Houston, TX. All rights reserved.
fb_share.svgtw_share.svgin_share.svg
NURSING SCIENCE
Developing the Art of Nursing

By Joanne D. Muyco, DNP, RN, NE-BC, CNOR; Nurse Scientist

The-Art-of-Nursing.jpg
Nursing is often described as both a science and an art. The science of nursing involves the education, knowledge, and research that guides the clinical practice and technical skills needed to provide competent, evidence-based care for our patients. The art of nursing involves a deep, interpersonal connection and understanding of the patient, their values and preferences, the context of their environment, and to act and serve in the patient’s best interests (Henry, 2018). For many nurses, the science of nursing involves the technical skills of nursing, often called “hard skills.” These are clinical, practice-specific skills rooted in science, taught through training, quantifiable and measurable and typically used to demonstrate nurses’ competency and ability to provide safe and effective care. However, an equally essential element of nursing involves “soft skills,” or skills that help nurses interact and relate to people effectively. These skills are rooted in connectedness, togetherness and belonging—in human interactions and relationships.
Soft skills are needed to build interpersonal, caring, and connected relationships with patients and peers. These include skills such as emotional intelligence, compassion, motivation, empathy, collaboration, delegation, teamwork, leadership, time management, professionalism and communication (Lavender, 2019; Ng, 2020; Deering & Bal, 2023). Soft skills are intangible, more challenging to teach and more difficult to measure for effectiveness and competency (Vega & Hayes, 2019). While the technical skills of nursing are crucial to providing care, soft skills allow nurses to develop a deep understanding of patients and their needs to become better patient advocates. Soft skills allow nurses to build strong, caring relationships. Nurses can empower patients and facilitate positive outcomes (Preston, 2021). Nurses with robust soft skills can communicate and collaborate more effectively with the healthcare team. One example of an essential soft skill that nurses must become adept in is communication. Communicating with all healthcare team members ensures that the patient’s needs are addressed and met in a safe and timely manner. Communication can come from providing a thorough hand-off report to a peer, delegating to a nursing assistant, or sharing the care plan with the patient and their team of healthcare providers. Nurses can strengthen their soft skills with continued daily practice through observation, experience, and role modeling (Vega & Hayes, 2019). Additionally, educational courses and training on communication, teamwork, and leadership can further enhance nurses’ abilities to practice soft skills (Widad & Abdellah, 2022). Nursing is a fluid combination of both art and science — nursing is a scientific art. By combining clinical knowledge and skills with compassionate caring and connected relationships, nurses can provide safe, high-quality, effective, patient and family-centered care.
References:

Deering, M. & Bal, D. (2023, March 22). 10 crucial soft skills for nurses. Nurse Journal. https://nursejournal.org/resources/soft-skills-for-successful-nurses/ Henry, D. (2018). Rediscovering the art of nursing to enhance nursing practice. Nursing Science Quarterly, 31(1), 47-54. https://doi.org/10.1177/0894318417741117 Lavender, J. (2019). Soft skills for hard jobs. Journal of Continuing Education Topics & Issues, 21(2), 48-51. Ng., LK (2020). The perceived importance of soft (service) skills in nursing care: A research study. Nurse Education Today, 85, 104302. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nedt.2019.104302 Preston, A.J. (2021). The art and science of nursing are not mutually exclusive. Nursing Science Quarterly, 34(3), 336-337. https://doi.org/10.1177/08943184211010457 Vega. H. & Hayes, K. (2019). Blending the art and science of nursing. Nursing, 49(9), 62-63. https://doi.org/10.10197/01.NURSE.0000577752.54139.4e Widad, A. & Abdellah, G. (2022). Strategies used to teach soft skills in undergraduate nursing education: A scoping review. Journal of Professional Nursing, 42, 209-218. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.profnurs.2022.07.010